Recent Progress in the Use of Vilsmeier-Type Reagents

Organic Preparations and Procedures International: The New Journal for Organic Synthesis Volume 42, Issue 6, 2010                   

DOI:10.1080/00304948.2010.513911

Weike Su^a, Yiyi Weng^a, Ling Jiang^a, Yanyan Yang^a, Linyao Zhao^a, Zhiwei Chen^a, Zhenhua Li^a & Jianjun Li^a pages 503-555
Available online: 15 Nov 2010

a  Weike Su, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering of

Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology,

Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China. E-mail: Pharmlab@zjut.edu.cn

FIND AN EXCELLENT REVIEW, IT IS FREE TO DOWNLOAD AT

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STEREOCHEMISTRY TUTORIAL

ENJOY STEREOCHEMISTRY TUTORIAL

http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/stereochem/index.html  MAIN PAGE
http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/stereochem/introduction1.htm
http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/stereochem/introduction2.htm
CLICK NEXT ON PAGE
THIS IS BY
Nicola Burrmann 
University of Wisconsin-Madison

A New Bidesmoside Saponin from the Bark of Guaiacum officinale

A new bidesmosidic triterpene saponin, guaianin P was isolated from the stem bark of
Guaiacum officinale. Its structure was established as oleanolic acid 3-O-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-
(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside}-28-O-
β-D-glucopyranosyl ester by spectroscopic and chemical

http://jcsp.org.pk/index.php/jcsp/article/viewFile/4177/2961  is the link
J. Chem.Soc.Pak., Vol. 34, No. 2, 2012 BY
NIKHAT SABA et al.,
RASHEEDA KHATOON, ZULFIQAR ALI and VIQAR UDDIN AHMAD
KARACHI
Guaianin P  is very nicely described
https://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fprr.hec.gov.pk%2FChapters%2F612-0.pdf
Above link gives the structures


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High-Yielding Semi-Synthesis of an Artemisinin Precursor

High-Yielding Semi-Synthesis of an Artemisinin Precursor

“Production of amorphadiene in yeast, and its conversion to dihydroartemisinic acid, precursor to the antimalarial agent artemisinin” Westfall, P.J.; Pitera, D.J.; Lenihan, J.R.; Eng, D.; Woolard, F.X.; Regentin, R.; Horning, T.; Tsuruta, H.; Melis, D.J.; Owens, A.; Fickes, S.; Diola, D.; Benjamin, K.R.; Keasling, J.D.; Leavell, M.D.; McPhee, D.J.; Renninger, N.S.; Newman, J.D.; Paddon, C.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2012, 109, E111-E118. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110740109.

Malaria, caused mainly by the parasite Plasmodium falciparum, leads to nearly a million deaths and 250 million new infections each year. The sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide artemisinin, derived from Artemisia annua, is very effective as an antimalarial drug, and widespread resistance hasn’t yet developed. Artemisinin is the only high-volume drug that is still isolated by extraction from its native plant producer in a low-yielding (around 10 μg per g plant material), resource-intensive process that uses volatile solvents (most commonly hexane).

Artemisia annua. 

As a result, supplies of the drug are short, and those who need it often can’t afford it. The development of new processes for artemisinin production would therefore advance both public health and green chemistry interests. Total synthesis of the drug hasn’t been considered as a viable alternative because of low yields, but a lot of effort has been directed toward developing semi-synthetic sources of artemisinin using a combination of microbial fermentation and chemical synthesis. Toward this end, theKeasling lab reported a few years ago that they had constructed a biosynthetic pathway for the artemisinin precursor amorpha-4,11-diene in yeast with yields of ~200 mg/L—already impressive given the complexity of the molecule. Amorphadiene synthase (ADS) comes from Artemisia annua; the rest of the genes are from yeast. 

ANTHONY MELVIN CRASTO Ph.D slidestaxx link

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Whats new in Chemistry

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Scientists discover chemistry of passion

 http://www.worldofchemicals.com/wocart/7/scientists-discover-chemistry-of-passion.html

Scientists say there is increase in the levels of hormones neutrophins and dopamine when cupid strikes.

LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM: Couples should not worry when the first flush of passion dims - scientists have identified the hormone changes which cause the switch from lust to cuddles. A team from the University of Pisa in Italy found the bodily chemistry which makes people sexually attractive to new partners lasts, at most, two years. When couples move into a “stable relationship” phase, other hormones take over, Chemistry World reports.

  

LOVE, actually is chemicals racing internally

 http://www.worldofchemicals.com/wocart/10/love-actually-is-chemicals-racing-internally.html

Scientists say there is increase in levels of hormones neutrophins and dopamine when cupid strikes.

When couples fall in love, outwardly they experience dizziness, flushed face, sweaty palms and most prominent of all a wildly beating heart. But, internally, the feeling of love is due to chemicals racing around the brain and body.

The feelings, researchers found are due to dopamine, norepinephrine and phenylethylamine that human beings release. Dopamine is thought to be the “pleasure chemical,” producing a feeling of bliss. Norepinephrine is similar to adrenaline and produces the racing heart and excitement. Together these two chemicals produce elation, intense energy, sleeplessness, craving, loss of appetite and focused attention, discovered Helen Fisher, anthropologist at Rutgers University. “The human body releases the cocktail of love rapture only when certain conditions are met. And men more readily produce it than women, because of their more visual nature,” she added.

Cucurbiturils , molecular container that can encapsulate drug molecules and increase the solubility of drugs

Giving drug dropouts a new lease of life
Researchers in the US have designed a molecular container that can encapsulate drug molecules and increase their solubility - in one case by almost 3000 times. The new container appears to have low toxicity and can be built from readily available reagents. The finding opens the possibility of re-testing drug candidates that failed because they were insufficiently soluble or improving existing low-solubility drugs.


D Ma et al, Nat. Chem., 2012, DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1326